基于动态门限的战术数据链MAC协议

战术数据链（TDL）的作用就是在战场上能够更准确、有效和快速地传递战术情报。随着军事信息技术的发展，战场上的节点数量和传输数据呈现快速增长趋势。传统的战术数据链媒介访问控制（MAC）协议为了保证QoS，一般采用固定资源分配的多址访问算法，如TDMA，在面对大容量、高速率的需求时缺乏灵活性和有效性。为此，研究了基于统计优先级多址访问（SPMA）算法，提出了直接映射和差分趋势两种动态门限方法。仿真结果表明，动态门限比固定门限能够有效提高系统效率，更接近目标信道忙闲比设计，并且在相同负载下网络吞吐量也较固定门限高。     

Say-on-pay judgements: the two-strikes rule and the pay-performance link

We undertake an experiment to explore shareholder voting behaviour when the pay-performance link is weak or strong; and when there has (has not) been a first strike in the preceding year. We find shareholders are more supportive of a remuneration package evidencing a strong pay-performance link than a weak link. Further, shareholders are less supportive of a remuneration package when there has been a first strike in the preceding year than when there has not been a first strike. Importantly, we find that a first strike reduces the effect of the pay-performance link on voting intentions.     

How entrepreneurial intentions influence entrepreneurial career choices: The moderating influence of social context

In this paper, we build on social cognitive career theory to examine the relation between entrepreneurial intention and new venture creation (i.e., the entrepreneurial career choice). We model how contextual influences at different levels may favor or inhibit the translation of entrepreneurial intention into new venture creation. Using unique longitudinal data from almost the entire population of Italian university graduates, we are able to assess how the immediate (i.e., the influence of relevant others) and larger context (i.e., organizational and environmental influences) affect new venture creation. Our research contributes to the emerging literature of the intention–behavior link in entrepreneurship.     

基于骨干度与网络编码的链路预测模型研究

为了研究网络表示学习在社交网络中链路预测方面的应用,提出了一种基于骨干度与网络编码的链路预测模型(BDLINE)。在网络表示学习算法LINE的基础上融入骨干度算法,通过给一阶相似度和二阶相似度中增添骨干权重,将网络编码到多维向量空间中,调试到最优参数。实验采用2个真实数据的数据集,分别在不同的算法模型上进行多次实验。实验结果表明:在链路预测方面,BDLINE均比其他网络表示学习算法的性能有所提升,AUC评测值更高,预测效果表现得更好。因此,所提出的方法可以方便地提取网络特征信息,更好地处理社交网络在链路预测中的随机性,对社交网络中预测网络节点的关联性和有效性具有一定的参考。     

Relating ultrasonic vocalizations from a pair of rats to individual behavior: A composite link model approach

Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are crucial in the social behavior of rats. We aim to relate USV rates of pairs of rats to individual activity in an automated home cage (PhenoTyper®) where USVs are recorded per pair and not per individual. We propose a composite link model approach to parametrize a mechanistic “sum‐of‐rates” model in which the pair's USV rate is the sum of the USV rates of individuals depending on their own behavior. In generalized linear models (GLMs), the individual's USV rates are multiplied. We verified through simulation that composite link model gave lower Poisson deviance than GLM. We analyzed the data from an experiment in which half of the cages did allow the pairs to interact (Pair Housing) and the other half did not (Individual Housing). The “sum‐of‐rates” model fits best for Individual Housing and GLM for Pair Housing. An additional simulation study strongly suggests that interaction between rats changes the underlying mechanism for vocalization behavior.     

海上无线网状网中基于Q-Learning的自适应路由算法

针对海上无线网状网通信环境复杂多变、船舶节点具有特殊移动模型等特点，提出一种基于Q-Learning的自适应路由（Q-Learning Based Adaptive Routing，QLAR）算法。综合考虑海上无线电波传播特性、船舶航程信息以及相应海区气象信息等因素的影响，提出链路可靠性、链路稳定性和节点航程相似度等概念，并对链路状态进行评估；然后，根据链路状态评估结果，利用Q-Learning算法寻找源、目的节点间最稳定的路径以传输数据分组；最后，利用OPNET搭建仿真平台对算法进行测试。仿真结果表明，与4种对比算法中性能最优的算法相比，QLAR算法最高可提升分组投递率4.89%，降低平均分组时延17.42%，减少归一化路由开销21.99%。     

Estimating Precision and Recall for Deterministic and Probabilistic Record Linkage

Linking administrative, survey and census files to enhance dimensions such as time and breadth or depth of detail is now common. Because a unique person identifier is often not available, records belonging to two different units (e.g. people) may be incorrectly linked. Estimating the proportion of links that are correct, called Precision, is difficult because, even after clerical review, there will remain uncertainty about whether a link is in fact correct or incorrect. Measures of Precision are useful when deciding whether or not it is worthwhile linking two files, when comparing alternative linking strategies and as a quality measure for estimates based on the linked file. This paper proposes an estimator of Precision for a linked file that has been created by either deterministic (or rules‐based) or probabilistic (where evidence for a link being a match is weighted against the evidence that it is not a match) linkage, both of which are widely used in practice. This paper shows that the proposed estimators perform well.     

高速铁路场景下环境反向散射辅助的无线传输方案

将反向散射技术引入到高铁场景的无线通信系统中，提出一种反向散射辅助无线传输方案（Backscatter Aided Wireless Transmission,BAWT），并针对BAWT和传统无线传输方案（Direct Wireless Transmission,DWT）进行了收发信机设计，包括信道估计以及信号检测。与传统无线传输方案相比，证明了在固定的火车天线和不变的轨道情况下，BAWT可以获得信道统计信息为信道估计提供助力。通过仿真对比两种方案的信道估计均方误差，BAWT方案相较DWT方案的信道估计准确性明显提高；对比BAWT、传统中继技术以及DWT方案，当信噪比为20 dB时，对应的BAWT方案和中继技术、DWT方案的误码率分别为1%和2%和12%，BAWT方案误码检测性能获得明显提升。此外，针对广域环境下的环境反向散射通信，推导了高铁场景下使用蜂窝移动通信信号作为RF信源的无线链路预算，反向散射信号在车厢内的覆盖范围内可以满足接收机的灵敏度要求，从链路预算角度论证了BAWT方案实现的可行性。     

我国房产税试点效果评析与房产税作用探究

目前我国房产税在持有环节的征收处于试点阶段，其推进和改革仍有很多争议。文章在总结国际上发达国家房产税征收及我国房产持有环节税收试点情况的基础上，从三方面分别探讨了在我国房价高启的背景下开征持有环节的房地产税的作用。但是这些作用还不能全面准确地涵盖我国应征收房地产税的所有层面，由此提出了适合我国国情的差别化房地产税收政策的构建思路。     

先锋露天煤矿北帮膨胀性软岩含水率与抗剪强度的关系

本文对先锋露天煤矿北帮膨胀性软岩采取大量扰动土试样进行不同含水率下重塑土的各类剪切试验;对不同的浸水时间,不同含水率下,岩土体含水率与抗剪强度的变化规律进行了分析。发现岩土层抗剪强度在浸水状态下成倍下降,岩土体浸水对岩土体强度影响极大。场地地下水和地表水对边坡岩土体的浸润有软化作用,对边坡的稳定性起着控制作用,这也是北帮整体坡度虽很缓但仍滑移变形不断的原因。